steam inlet size Howden CBA7 steam turbine

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• Steam turbines usually operate with steam entering the turbine between 500 and 650°C, while gas turbines can reach inlet temperatures of up to 1500°C
• Gas turbines cool the blades to withstand these high temperatures
• Superheating steam to higher temperatures before expanding it may not increase power output enough to warrant increasing the complexity of the system to allow for blade cooling
• Materials can easily withstand those temperatures steam is typically used at
• Inconel does creep, and some novel devices require localized blade cooling to achieve optimal gas temperature for better efficiency
• Gas turbines use 60-70% of the air coming in for cooling and the blades can withstand extremely high temperatures
• In a combustion gas turbine, the temperature on the combustion chamber rises before combustion problems occur when the air filtration system gets clogged
• Boiling water into steam doesn’t increase pressure unless it’s confined, so extra heating would put more energy into steam via a phase change and not really increase the pressure to run the turbines
• It’s much easier to pump liquid than gas/vapor
• Onset of nucleate boiling is a phenomenon that limits the temperature of nuclear power plant and other thermal Rankine-based cycles
• Heat pipe could be dried as a film of superheated steam form along the pipe diameter and act as a thermal resistance, making heat transfer to the water impossible
• It could lead to pipe getting burned, leaks, lose a bit of control, etc.
• Some newer coal plants are now running around supercritical while the older plants won’t have that kind of fancy thing
• Steam generator works by harnessing the thermal energy produced by burning coal to generate steam that drives a turbine to produce electricity
• Supercritical steam generators generate supercritical steam, which can produce electricity more efficiently and with less environmental impact than other types of boilers
• Ordinary boilers cannot produce supercritical steam, you need a supercritical steam generator to achieve it, which has some material and manufacturing costs

• Someone on r/AskEngineers is performing a study to determine the best way to use excess steam produced by a combined heat and power plant.
• The plant uses exhaust from a natural gas engine to produce saturated 100 psi steam for use in the campus steam loop.
• During warmer months the engine still runs but the exhaust is diverted as there is little steam demand.
• The study aims to use excess heat to produce 100 psi saturation steam and use that steam in a turbine.
• The turbine can drive the compressor of a steam-driven chiller or a small generator.
• The assumption is that the work done by the turbine is equal to the change in enthalpy of the inlet and outlet steam.
• The work that 100 psi steam provides to the turbine is little compared to the latent heat required to produce steam from condensate.
• Typically, the majority of the work provided by a turbine is from the superheating of the steam.
• In a real Rankine cycle, the outlet steam must be saturated and 100% quality to prevent condensate from forming and damaging the turbine.
• The study team is confused about how saturated steam can be used in turbines effectively.
• A user on r/AskEngineers mentions that most nuclear reactors use saturated steam.
• A user on r/AskEngineers explains that the steam leaving the reactor for a boiling water reactor (BWR) is at 17% quality and 40% by volume.
• The steam passes through the cyclone steam separators and the steam dryer before powering the high-pressure turbine.
• The HP turbine exhaust then goes into main steam reheaters which superheat it to about 500 degF for the low-pressure turbines.
• A user on r/AskEngineers mentions that there are a lot of workarounds for using wet steam in turbines.
• Another user explains that although saturated steam has some moisture in it, there are definite ways to condition it to make it dry.
• Wet steam is hard on turbines, but it is not unfeasible to run it.
• There is treatment required to decrease moisture in saturated steam, but it’s not going to be 100% dry.
• Saturated steam will always have some moisture in it.
• Some turbines have blades with brazed-on carbide facings to help deal with erosion.

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• The webpage is titled “Looking for steam turbine setup for a volcano” and is from the subreddit, r/Oxygennotincluded.
• The original poster is looking for a steam turbine setup for a volcano, with one already being converted to a petro boiler.
• One recommendation suggests watching a video on steam turbine setup using a conductor, automation, and steam. The same comment suggests cooling the steam turbine itself.
• Another recommendation includes the optimal steam mass for each number of inlets to maximize energy output from the steam turbine. The most effective option involves opening all inlets.
• A comment links a picture of a steam turbine setup using a heat door or attractive material with a closed door.
• A suggestion was made to calculate a volcano’s exact output to determine the number of turbines needed.
• A recommendation to clear out solidified magma from the volcano area is mentioned, with one suggestion being the usage of the Robominer.
• The same recommendation mentions not needing to retrieve the debris leftover from the volcano because of an abundance of igneous rock. Another comment suggests simply leaving the debris.
• A comment shares information on how water transitions to steam, resulting in it losing 5°C.
• A suggestion was made on how to avoid debris from forming solid tiles by using thermal mass. Another comment suggests the use of ethanol.
• It is mentioned that debris turned into blocks may not be a mechanic anymore. The same comment suggests the only danger of debris forming tiles comes from re-melting at high enough mass and suggests controlling the chamber’s heat across eruptions.
• A user questions how to use the volcano setup for boiling water into steam with another user responding with suggestions.

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• A well-insulated turbine is described that develops 28.75 MW of power for a steam flow rate of 50 kg/s.
• Steam enters at 25 bar with a velocity of 61 m/s and exits as saturated vapor at 0.06 bar with a velocity of 130 m/s.
• The task is to determine the inlet temperature in Celsius, neglecting potential energy effects.
• The person who posted the question did not know how to solve for T or h of state one.
• The steam tables in their book have values only for 20 bar and 30 bar, and he tried interpolating but found it difficult.
• A reddit user solved the problem without needing to interpolate and only using the saturated steam tables to get the outlet enthalpy. However, the user had to use this calculator to find the superheated steam temperature by picking values until he narrowed in on the calculated entering enthalpy.
• Some other users discussed interpolation as a requirement to pass thermodynamics and suggested a TI-8x macro for quicker interpolations.
• One user noted that in problems like this, the information provided is often exactly what you need, but another wrote that they had been given excess info several times in practice.
• The webpage does not offer any information about steam inlet size or Howden CBA7 steam turbine specifically.

• The webpage is a Reddit discussion from 4 years ago on the efficiency of a steam turbine in a steam power plant.
• The original poster asks about the general range of efficiency of a steam turbine in a coal-fired steam power plant.
• Several Reddit users provide different answers depending on the context and application of turbine efficiency.
• One user mentions that Siemens builds steam turbines with efficiencies upward of 90% at their ideal turbine inlet temperature, but the efficiency drops as soon as the turbine operates in the partial load range. Efficiency very much depends on who you ask and the system boundaries.
• Another user mentions that the turbine efficiency is the combined efficiency of each stage of the turbine modules, often given by the net power divided by (mass flow rate times change in enthalpy).
• One user mentions the importance of specifying what efficiency is being talked about since people often compare different types of efficiency without realizing it.
• Someone asks if the original poster is referring to the turbine efficiency or the overall efficiency of the power plant as a whole.
• It is mentioned that a single steam turbine alone can have efficiencies of around 70% depending on the design.
• It is also mentioned that the highest thermal efficiency would be created by a combined Brayton and Rankine Cycle.
• The original poster clarifies that they’re looking for the steam turbine only and are not interested in gas for now.
• Another user suggests checking the manufacturer’s website or contacting them directly for more information about a specific model’s steam inlet size.

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Relevant: true Importance: 4 Notes:

• A user on r/Oxygennotincluded inquires about the amount of water needed in a steam turbine setup.
• A user recommends that for 10kg per tile of steam in a 10 tile room, 100kg of water (1/10th of a full tile of water) is required for a 1:1 water to steam conversion ratio.
• Another user recommends adding only a small amount of water, as less water results in faster heat deletion.
• A user also mentions the need for a thin layer of oil at the bottom to increase conductivity.
• Adding more mass to the steam chamber means that it takes longer to heat up and cool down, according to another user.
• One user recommends low-pressure steam and combining it with granite or igneous rock tempshift plates for some thermal mass and spreading the heat more evenly.
• A user suggests a hydrometer and shutoff connected to a liquid vent that dumps water whenever it is all turned to steam. Set some thermo controls for the aquatuner so it shuts off when it gets too hot, in case the steam turbine can’t keep up.
• Another user recommends creating a large room and vacuuming it. Make a 4x7 rectangle from insulated tiles and aluminium or gold from the bottom, pour in less than 2 tons of water to create a bit less than 200kg of steam per tile. Put the turbine on top. Heat the aluminium bottom using an aquatuner covered in oil or pass a redient pipe with hot petrolium inside.
• A user suggests building a single temp shift plate out of ice and allow it to melt, instead of building multiple bottle emptiers.
• A recommendation is made to farm wild and not enable auto-harvest to save on dupe time. Store it all in CO2.

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• The webpage discusses the efficiency of using water to steam to turn turbines to generate electricity and whether there are other, more efficient ways to generate electricity.
• Most electricity generated currently is through heating steam to high temperatures/pressures and extracting energy as it returns to atmospheric conditions.
• The maximum efficiency of a heat engine is determined by Carnot’s Theorem and increases if the hot temperature is raised or the cold temperature is decreased.
• Some high-temperature gas cooled nuclear reactors use helium instead of water as a moderator/coolant.
• Some reactors use an internal combustion of natural gas to turn a turbine directly.
• Electric companies get paid for how much electricity they make, not how efficient they are, so steam cycles remain the most cost-effective way to generate large-scale electricity.
• Wind, photovoltaic, and hydro power are the only sources of electricity that are not heat engines.
• Tidal power, solar power, and wave power are also sources of electricity that are not heat engines.
• Liquid sodium to cool reactors is used in Russia, but the hot sodium is still used to heat up water to turn a turbine.
• The maximum theoretical efficiency for an engine that has a hot-side temperature of 300ºC and a cold-side at room temperature is 50%, but the hotter you heat the steam, the greater fraction of its energy can be utilized as work.
• Generating electricity directly from radioactive decay is being studied but is more relevant for long-term batteries than large-scale electricity generation.
• The amount of radiation that would kill a person is about the same amount of energy as a thrown baseball, making radioactive decay a limited source of energy.
• Importantly, the page does not contain specific information on steam inlet size for Howden CBA7 steam turbines.

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Importance of steam inlet size for Howden CBA7 steam turbine performance

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List of available steam inlet sizes for Howden CBA7 steam turbine